Why Is Slavery Considered Wrong in Modern Society Despite Biblical References?

The question of whether slavery is considered wrong based on the Bible, where certain verses seem to support the practice, is a complex and controversial topic. Many people today find it difficult to reconcile these seemingly conflicting statements. This article aims to clarify the biblical perspective on slavery, focusing on the modern understanding and the context in which these verses were written.

Biblical Context and Terminology

Biblical terminology for slavery can be misleading to modern audiences who equate it with forced labor and exploitation. In the biblical context, the term 'slave' is often used to describe bondservants who were considered respectful workers, and this has no equivalent in the negative connotations of forced labor in modern society.

For instance, Psalm 34:18-19 states, “Jehovah is near to the brokenhearted, and saves those who are crushed in spirit. Many are the hardships of the righteous, but Jehovah rescues him from them all.” While the Bible does use the term 'slave,' it does so in a context of respectful servitude, not in the illegitimate and exploitative manner understood in contemporary society. God's household servants, such as servants and maids, are often referred to as 'slaves' in the Bible, but this terminology has no bearing on the forcing or mistreatment of individuals.

Token of Honor and Respect in Ancient Society

In ancient times, a bond servant or 'slave' was often someone who had a measure of respect and was part of a household system. The Bible does not condone oppressive slavery as we understand it today. Rather, it outlines the responsibilities of masters and the importance of treating these bond servants with respect and fairness.

For example, Exodus 21:2-6 provides clear instructions on how masters should treat their household servants, emphasizing that they should not be mistreated and should be given their freedom after six years. Proverbs 31:16 also states, ”Consider her spouse, he will speak of the ways of his heart and will talk about his gracious deeds.” The emphasis is on treating these servants with grace and kindness, not on treating them as mere commodities.

Case Study: The Israelites and Egypt

A significant example of the biblical stance on slavery can be seen in the story of the Israelites in Egypt. Exodus 1:14 mentions that the Israelites were made to work in harsh conditions, and the text clearly shows that this was a form of oppressive slavery. However, God had a sovereign plan for the Israelites and chose to liberate them through Moses.

The narrative in Exodus 2:23-24 highlights that the Israelites' cries reached God, leading to His intervention, stating, “After a long time the king of Egypt died, but the Israelites continued to groan because of the slavery and to cry out in complaint, and their cry for help because of the slavery kept going up to the true God.” God's response was swift with clear instructions for deliverance, asserting, “6 Therefore say to the Israelites: I am the LORD and I will bring you out from under the burdens of the Egyptians and rescue you from their slavery, and I will redeem you with an outstretched arm and with great judgments. 7 Then I will take you as My people, and I will be your God. And you shall know that I am the LORD your God, who brought you out from under the burdens of the Egyptians.” (Exodus 6:6-7)

God's Holiness and Chosen People

Another key aspect to consider is that God's perspective on slavery is not absolute but often contextual. In Deuteronomy 7:6, He states, “For you are a holy people to the LORD your God, and the LORD your God has chosen you to be a people for himself, above all peoples on the face of the earth.” This verse highlights God's selection of the Israelites and His specific covenant with them. While this does not justify the oppression of the Israelites, it does suggest that different standards apply to God's chosen people in certain circumstances.

Conclusion and Further Reading

The Biblical stance on slavery is nuanced and should be understood in the context of the cultural and historical circumstances of ancient times. While the Bible does employ the term 'slave' to describe bondservants, it is crucial to recognize that it does not advocate for the mistreatment of individuals. Instead, it provides guidelines for treating these bond servants with respect and for recognizing their inherent worth.

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