The Integration of STEM Education in General Education Courses in the U.S.
When discussing the incorporation of STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) education into American university general education courses, it is crucial to understand that the requirements can vary widely from one institution to another. This article explores the extent to which STEM education is integrated into the general education curriculum in the United States, highlighting the differences in requirements across various universities and the implications for students across different majors.
Understanding the Current Landscape
The term 'STEM education' typically refers to the core curriculum that covers scientific, mathematical, and technological disciplines. However, the extent to which these subjects are integrated into a student's general education courses can differ significantly.
For example, my sister's alma mater, Macalester College, exemplifies a typical approach to STEM education. As part of her general education courses, she was required to complete two math and/or science classes. She opted for a basic astronomy class and a semester of calculus with a pass/fail grading policy. Although she found these classes challenging, she also felt that beyond basic arithmetic, the courses were not necessary for her future as an attorney. In contrast, I believe that these subjects are valuable and beneficial.
It is important to note that not all universities require any form of STEM education as part of their general education requirements. For instance, Amherst College and Brown University have no general education requirements at all. This flexibility allows students to design their own academic paths without the constraint of predefined science and math courses.
Common Requirements Across Universities
For many universities, however, STEM education is a core component of the general education curriculum. My alma mater, for example, required students to complete at least two math courses, two physical science courses, and two biological science courses. These requirements can be quite extensive, as the University of Chicago operates on a quarter system, making these requirements equivalent to four semesters for other institutions that use the semester system.
The rigor of these requirements can vary. While some physical science courses require a laboratory component, others, such as my full-year freshman physics course, do not. Similarly, biology courses may have a lab component, but not all do.
Notably, the University of Chicago and Columbia University have the most stringent requirements, with similar stipulations for STEM education. However, these requirements are the exception rather than the rule. Most universities, including many liberal arts colleges, take a less rigorous view of STEM education within the general education framework.
The Importance of STEM Education
Despite the variability in requirements, the integration of STEM education into general education courses is crucial. It provides students with a foundational understanding of scientific and mathematical principles, which can be beneficial in various careers. For instance, even someone pursuing a non-STEM major may find value in basic mathematical and scientific knowledge, which can be applied in problem-solving and critical thinking.
Moreover, as technology continues to permeate all aspects of society, a basic understanding of STEM subjects can enhance a student's overall academic and professional development. Universities that adopt a more rigorous approach to STEM education in their general education requirements ensure that students are better prepared for the future, whether pursuing a career in a STEM field or not.
Conclusion
The integration of STEM education into general education courses in the U.S. is a multifaceted issue, reflecting the diverse educational philosophies and requirements of various universities. While some institutions offer flexibility, others have stringent requirements for STEM courses. Regardless of the approach, it is clear that STEM education plays a vital role in a well-rounded education, providing students with essential skills and knowledge that can be applied across various fields.