The Grammar Debate: 'It is I' or 'It is Me'

When it comes to the phrase 'It is...', the debate between using 'I' and 'me' as the subject can often lead to heated discussions among English speakers. This article aims to clarify the grammatical differences and provide a balanced view on when to use 'it is I' and when to use 'it is me'.

Introduction to the Subject-Object Debate

In English, the pronoun 'I' can function in the subjective case ('It is I') or the objective case ('It is me'). However, the usage can sometimes cause confusion. When 'it' is used as a dummy subject, the choice of 'I' or 'me' as the object can be particularly tricky. In this article, we delve into this grammatical conundrum and explore the nuances behind the usage of these phrases.

Understanding Grammar in Context

Grammar isn't just about following rules; it's about context and the function of words within a sentence. 'It is I' and 'It is me' are both grammatically correct, but they serve different purposes and are used in different situations.

It is I

'It is I' is the grammatically and syntactically correct form, especially when used with the linking verb 'to be'. This form emphasizes that 'I' is the subject of the sentence, not the object. There are several scenarios where using 'It is I' is appropriate:

In formal or literary contexts, where the subject is the focus. Examples include historical characters like Count Dracula and fictional characters from TV series like 'Allo 'Allo!. When the speaker wants to emphasize their identity or importance, as in Groucho Marx's line to Margaret Dumont.

It is me

'It is me' is a more common and normalized form, which is often used in everyday speech. In spoken English, many native speakers prefer to use the objective case, even though it may sound awkward to those who follow strict grammatical rules. This form is acceptable and widely used, especially in informal settings.

When to Use Each

The choice between 'It is I' and 'It is me' depends on the context and the intended emphasis. Let's look at some examples:

Object or Subject

It is I: Use this form when the pronoun 'I' is the subject of the sentence.

Correct: 'It is I who have offered the help to you.'

Correct: 'It is I that must be remembered.' (or 'It is I who must be remembered')

It is me: Use this form when the pronoun 'me' is the object of the verb.

Correct: 'It is me whom he has offered to help.'

Correct: '?těpan is the one who it is me whom wants to help.' (This sentence is contrived and would be awkward in regular English usage)

Common Misconceptions

One common misconception is that the pronoun 'I' is always the subject. However, in certain situations, such as with the verb 'to be', the rules get a bit more complex:

If the verb were 'am', 'I am' would be the correct form. For example, 'It is I that am the rightful heir'.

However, with the verb 'to be', the subjective 'I' is used: 'It is I that he refers to', but 'He refers to me' is correct.

Flouting the Rules: When is It Okay?

Grammar isn't an unbreakable rule. In some cases, using 'it is me' can be acceptable or even preferred over 'it is I'. For example:

Acceptable: In informal speech, 'It is me' is commonly used and understood.

Acceptable: In certain artistic or dramatic contexts, such as exaggerated or humorous situations, using 'it is I' can be more emphatic and appropriate.

Conclusion

In summary, both 'it is I' and 'it is me' are correct, but they serve different grammatical roles. 'It is I' is traditional and formal, while 'it is me' is more common in everyday speech. The choice of which to use often depends on the context, the speaker's intent, and the listener's expectations.

As language evolves, what is considered 'correct' can shift. The phrase 'it is me' has become so common that it is now widely accepted, even in formal settings. So, while 'it is I' remains the more traditional option, 'it is me' is now the more common form in modern English usage. Understanding the nuances of both can help you communicate more effectively in various situations.