Similarities and Differences Between Matteo Salvini and Jair Bolsonaro
Matteo Salvini and Jair Bolsonaro share several striking similarities, despite their differences in terms of practical power and geopolitical influence. Both leaders exemplify the rise of unashamed populists with far-right tendencies, and their stances on immigration and their anti-communist/socialist rhetoric have been pivotal in their political success.
Shared Populist and Far-Right Tendencies
Salvini and Bolsonaro are often compared to other prominent populists like Geert Wilders, Marine Le Pen, and Viktor Orban. Their populist rhetoric and far-right leanings have been a driving force behind their political movements. Both politicians have gained significant popularity by positioning themselves as anti-establishment figures, appealing to citizens frustrated with traditional political elites and globalized systems.
Stance on Unregulated Immigration
One of the most prominent similarities between the two is their strong opposition to unregulated immigration. Salvini, a prominent member of the League (Lega) in Italy, has been a vocal critic of both Mediterranean migration routes and illegal border crossings. Similarly, Bolsonaro, president of Brazil, has embraced a similarly hardline stance against illegal immigration. Both leaders have used immigration rhetoric to consolidate their political support and stave off political opponents.
Anti-Communist/Anti-Socialist Leadership
In Bolsonaro's case, his anti-communist and anti-socialist stance is particularly evident due to the strong left-wing presence in Latin America. His push for economic and social reforms in Brazil has positioned him as a staunch opponent of traditional leftist ideologies. Salvini, on the other hand, operates in a European context where the far right has seen significant growth. While the fight against socialism may not be as pronounced in Italy, Salvini has still positioned himself as an anti-system figure, reclaiming nationalist sentiments that resonate with a large segment of the Italian population.
Public and Inflammatory Statements
A notable similarity is that both Salvini and Bolsonaro have not shyed away from inflammatory or controversial statements. Unlike former U.S. President Donald Trump, who often toned down his rhetoric to maintain a certain level of public favor, Salvini and Bolsonaro have maintained a consistent and often provocative stance. This has contributed to their political fervor and allowed them to retain a loyal base of supporters who are willing to tolerate provocative statements.
Political Success and Popularity
Both leaders have enjoyed considerable political success. Salvini's rise to power is evident in the League's overtake of the 5 Star Movement (Movimento 5 Stelle) within the Italian government. Although the incumbent Prime Minister Giuseppe Conte is part of 5 Stelle, the League's resurgence has solidified Salvini's position. In Brazil, Bolsonaro's popularity, while less certain than Salvini's, is a testament to his ability to inspire strong loyalty even through economic hardships. His major victory over Fernando Haddad in the 2018 presidential election and his support for a more stringent anti-corruption campaign resonated with a large segment of the Brazilian population.
Differences in Practical Power and Geopolitical Influence
While Salvini and Bolsonaro share many similarities in their political rhetoric and popularity, they differ significantly in terms of practical power and geopolitical influence. Bolsonaro, as the head-of-state of a powerful emerging superpower, wields considerable leverage over regional and global affairs. Brazil's robust economy, vast natural resources, formidable military, and global influence make him a significant figure in international politics.
In contrast, Italy under Salvini is experiencing economic challenges and demographic shifts that limit his practical power. The country is grappling with a recession and a declining population, which has reduced its influence within the European Union. Moreover, Italy's voice is increasingly overshadowed by smaller yet economically stronger and more financially sound states, such as the Netherlands or Portugal. Militarily, Italy still maintains a strong force, but it is far from matching the economic and military powerhouses of the United Kingdom or France.
In conclusion, while Matteo Salvini and Jair Bolsonaro share significant similarities in their populist rhetoric, anti-Communist/socialist stance, and success in maintaining loyal followings, Bolsonaro's international influence and practical power far exceed those of Salvini. This difference in geopolitical positioning is a crucial factor in understanding the relative success of both leaders in their respective countries.