Qadianis: An Overview of Their Prophethood Claims and Beliefs
The Qadianis, also known as Ahmadi Muslims, are a religious group that originated in the late 19th century in what is now India. They hold unique beliefs that differentiate them from mainstream Islam, particularly regarding the status of their prophet, Mirza Ghulam Ahmad. These beliefs have led to significant controversy and often result in legal and societal challenges for the Qadianis.
Prophethood Claims and Distinct Beliefs
The Qadiani community believes that Mirza Ghulam Ahmad was the prophet divine, a status often referred to as Nauzubillah, and that his teachings should be followed.
One of the most controversial aspects of Qadiani beliefs is the instruction given by Mirza Mahmud Ahmad, the leader who succeeded Mirza Ghulam Ahmad, that Qadiani followers should not recite the funeral prayer for any non-Qadiani Muslim. This practice, documented in his book Anwar-i-Khilafat, published in October 1916, illustrates the stringent separation between Qadiani and non-Qadiani Muslims.
Origins of the Qadiani Movement
The movement began with the teachings of Mirza Ghulam Ahmad, who claimed to be a divine prophet during his lifetime. His claims were met with mixed reactions, with some people accepting him based on fear and others remaining skeptical.
One of the key strategies employed by Ahmad was to force people to believe in him, issuing an edict that those who rejected his claim would no longer be considered Muslims. This tactic was particularly effective given the relatively new and evolving nature of Islam in certain regions, where the fear of being labeled as non-Muslim was considerable.
Spread of Qadiani Beliefs
The rapid spread of Qadiani beliefs was aided by the early success of Mirza Ghulam Ahmad's teachings. Despite initial resistance, the movement grew in size and influence. However, this growth was not without challenges. For instance, Peer Mehr Ali Shah, a prominent religious figure, openly called for a debate with Mirza Ghulam Ahmad, which he famously declined.
Despite these setbacks, the belief in Mirza Ghulam Ahmad as a prophet persisted. The community continued to grow, even though many traditional Islamic scholars and leaders remained unconvinced of his claims.
Distinctive Beliefs and Practices
The Qadiani movement is characterized by a range of distinct beliefs and practices that set it apart from mainstream Islam:
Pacifism: Qadianis are known for their strong commitment to pacifism and non-violence, which is a key tenet in their teachings. Biblical Interpretation: While they use the Sunni Sahih books for religious guidance, Qadianis do not accept all the Hadiths as authentic. They have their own interpretations of several scripture verses and events, including the so-called crucifixion of Jesus. Mirza Ghulam Ahmad as a Prophet: They believe that Mirza Ghulam Ahmad was a prophetic figure and that his teachings should be followed, which is in direct opposition to mainstream Islamic beliefs. Mirza Ghulam Ahmad and Prophesty of Jesus: Qadianis believe the prophesy of the return of Prophet Jesus, and they see Mirza Ghulam Ahmad as that prophesied figure.They maintain that Prophet Jesus did not die on the cross but survived and later fled to Kashmir, where he lived out his life. This belief is central to their theological framework and differentiates them from mainstream Islamic teachings where Prophet Jesus is recognized as a martyr and messenger of God.
In conclusion, the Qadiani community, despite its radical departure from mainstream Islamic beliefs, continues to find adherents and maintain a unique place in the religious landscape. Understanding their beliefs and practices is crucial for comprehending the diversity of Islamic thought and the ongoing debates surrounding the status of Mirza Ghulam Ahmad.