Mental Math Techniques to Ace the IBPS PO Exam
The IBPS PO (Probationary Officer) exam is a competitive examination that requires candidates to excel in various sections, including quantitative aptitude. One of the key challenges in the quantitative section is the need to perform calculations quickly and accurately without pen and paper. Mastering mental math techniques is essential to achieve this. Here’s a comprehensive guide to help you through the process:
1. Learn Basic Arithmetic Tricks
Efficient mental calculation often starts with mastering the basics. Break down numbers and use simple properties of arithmetic to simplify calculations. For example, when adding or subtracting large numbers, break them into smaller, manageable parts.
Example:
To add 57 39, think of it as 50 30 7 9 80 16 96.
In multiplication, use the distributive property to break down numbers into simpler factors. For instance, to multiply 12 × 15, think of it as 12 × 10 12 × 5 120 60 180.
Division can be simplified by recognizing patterns or common multiples. For example, to divide 144 by 12, recognize that 144 is 12 × 12, so the answer is 12.
2. Use Estimation
Estimation is a powerful tool in mental math. Round numbers to the nearest ten or hundred to make calculations easier. For instance, for 198 245, round to 200 250 450, then adjust as needed.
3. Master Percentages and Ratios
Quickly calculating percentages and ratios can save a lot of time. For percentages, break down the calculation into simpler steps. For example, to find 15% of 200, calculate 10% of 200 and 5% of 200, then add them: 10% of 200 is 20, and 5% is 10, so the total is 30.
Ratios can be used to compare quantities. If the ratio is 2:3 and the total is 50, you can calculate each part as 2/5 × 50 and 3/5 × 50.
4. Memorize Squares and Cubes
Memorizing squares and cubes of numbers can simplify complex calculations. Memorize squares up to 30 and cubes up to 10.
Example:
Squares: 12 1, 22 4, ..., 302 900.
Cubes: 13 1, 23 8, ..., 103 1000.
5. Practice Mental Math Regularly
Regular practice is crucial for improving speed and accuracy in mental math. Use apps or websites that offer mental math exercises. Consistent practice will build your confidence and speed up your calculations.
6. Use Visualization Techniques
Visualizing numbers on a number line or in a grid can help with addition and subtraction. This visualization technique can aid in keeping track of calculations mentally and reduce the chance of errors.
7. Familiarize with Common Math Problems
The IBPS PO exam includes a variety of question types, such as ratio problems, percentage problems, and profit/loss calculations. Familiarity with these types of problems can help you perform calculations more efficiently.
8. Time Management
During the exam, time management is crucial. Allocate your time wisely and avoid getting stuck on complex calculations. If a calculation seems too complex, move on and return to it if time permits.
Conclusion
By consistently practicing these mental math techniques, you can significantly improve your ability to perform calculations mentally. This skill will not only be beneficial for the IBPS PO exam but also in daily life and other professional settings. Start practicing today to build your mental math prowess.