How to Become a US Army Officer in 1910 Without Going to West Point

For those interested in a career with the US Army, the traditional route is often through the United States Military Academy at West Point. However, in 1910, several methods existed to become an officer without advanced military education.

Required College Degree

The paramount requirement for any aspiring Army officer is to possess a college degree. The Reserve Officers' Training Corps (ROTC) is an option, but not a necessity as long as one can demonstrate the necessary qualifications and meet the physical demands of a future officer.

ROTC and Officer Candidate School (OCS)

Both ROTC and OCS allow for the acquisition of an officer commission, with ROTC also providing the opportunity to earn a college degree if enrolled while attending college. OCS requires a college degree prior to commissioning, making it a popular choice for those already possessing a degree.

Non-Traditional Routes

One unconventional method to become an officer was to start a private army. This route, however, is not recommended for those seeking a formal and structured military career.

Traditional Military Recruitment

The most common way to become an officer is through the Reserve Officer Training Corps (ROTC) programs found in various colleges. As a sergeant, I participated in Officer Candidate School (OCS), which is a rigorous selection process that tests both physical and mental qualities of a potential officer.

Alternative Routes

For those who walk into a military recruiter's office, there are options such as applying for Officer Candidate School or completing an OCS packet. The OCS packet can be submitted at the outset, which is a more expedited process compared to the standard OCS application.

Challenges of Applying for OCS

Completing an OCS packet requires exceptional performance on the Armed Services Vocational Aptitude Battery (ASVAB). Many college graduates struggle with the ASVAB since it is designed for recent high school graduates. For undergraduate students, it has been a few years since they've engaged with subjects like science and math, unless their degree program required it.

Additionally, an interview with higher command is necessary, and you must convince the Army that you are 'officer material.' This can be challenging, as the process can take anywhere from 8 to 12 months to complete, depending on the military's needs. However, an enlistment packet can secure your position in the service within less than 2 weeks.

Even if you are a college graduate seeking a career in the Army, the majority are there as a last resort. Some may be veterans returning to active duty, while others might be motivated by a sense of duty or patriotism. Therefore, the 8-12 month delay is significant but necessary.

Training and Transition

Upon completion of the rigorous selection process, you will undergo nine weeks of Basic Training. Following this, you will attend Officer Candidate School (OCS). Depending on the chosen branch, additional training may follow, such as the Airborne Scout Leader Course, Mortar Leadership Course, or Stryker Leaders Course. For many Infantry officers, this training can take almost 18 months before they are posted to their first actual unit.

In summary, whether you choose the traditional route through West Point or more unconventional methods, becoming a US Army officer in 1910, or indeed today, requires dedication, rigorous training, and a commitment to service. The journey to officer status is challenging but rewarding for those willing to undertake it.