Exploring the Roles and Differences Between Intern Pharmacists and Licensed Pharmacists
Pharmacy practice is a multifaceted field that involves a wide range of roles, from entry-level positions to highly specialized professions. Among these roles, the differences between intern pharmacists and licensed pharmacists are significant and often misunderstood. This article aims to clarify these differences and explain the role of interns in medication dispensation under supervision.
Understanding the Staircase of Professional Advancement in Pharmacy
Before diving into the specific roles of intern and licensed pharmacists, it's essential to understand the career progression within the pharmacy field. There are several levels of professionals in this field, each with distinct responsibilities and qualifications:
1. Pharmacy Clerk
A pharmacy clerk is typically involved in the administrative aspects of a pharmacy, such as operating the cash register and managing customer transactions. While they play a crucial role in the day-to-day operations of a pharmacy, they do not engage in dispensing medications or other professional responsibilities.
2. Pharmacy Technician
A pharmacy technician is someone who assists pharmacists in their work. While they may have learned the necessary skills on the job, they do not hold a formal degree. These professionals are often registered with the state board of pharmacy, which ensures they meet certain standards of practice.
3. Certified Pharmacy Technician
A certified pharmacy technician, also known as a CPhT, has received additional training and certification. This certification allows them to handle controlled substances and perform tasks such as transferring health data from one office to another. Additionally, certified technicians are licensed by the state to operate within the bounds of their certification.
4. Pre-Pharmacy Student
A pre-pharmacy student is a candidate in their final year of undergraduate studies who plans to apply for pharmacy school. They might work as a pharmacy clerk or certified technician while completing their education. Their goal is to acquire the necessary knowledge and experience to successfully apply to pharmacy school.
5. Pharmacy Intern
A pharmacy intern is a student who is pursuing a Doctor of Pharmacy (PharmD) degree. They are licensed by their state and undergo specific training and examination processes to receive an intern license. During this period, they are allowed to perform most pharmacist functions but cannot be the final handler of a medication before it reaches the patient.
6. Graduate Pharmacy Intern
A graduate pharmacy intern has completed their Doctor of Pharmacy degree but has not yet obtained their pharmacist license. These individuals can handle all pharmacist functions with the exception of being the final checker before a medication is dispensed to a patient.
7. Licensed Pharmacist
A licensed pharmacist is fully qualified to be the final checker before a medication is given to a patient. They possess a Doctor of Pharmacy degree and have passed the necessary national and state board exams to practice independently. Licensed pharmacists are held to stringent professional standards and are responsible for ensuring the safety and efficacy of medications they dispense.
Can Intern Pharmacists Dispense Medications Under Supervision?
A common question that arises is whether intern pharmacists can dispense medications under supervision. The answer to this question varies by state. In many states, while intern pharmacists are permitted to perform various tasks that are typically handled by licensed pharmacists, they are not allowed to dispense medications without direct supervision. This is a critical measure to ensure that the quality and safety of medication dispensing are maintained.
In some locations, intern pharmacists can perform certain tasks under the direct supervision of a licensed pharmacist. However, they must be closely monitored and must not act as the sole decision-maker in the dispensing process. This approach ensures that there is always a professional who is fully qualified and accountable for the final medication dispensation.
The specific regulations on intern pharmacists dispensing medications can be complex and vary widely by state. It's essential for both interns and employers to stay informed about the local laws and guidelines to avoid any misunderstandings or potential legal issues.
Conclusion
The roles within the pharmacy field are diverse and each has its own set of responsibilities and qualifications. From pharmacy clerks to licensed pharmacists, each professional plays a vital role in ensuring the safe and effective dispensing of medications. Understanding the differences between intern and licensed pharmacists can help clear up common misconceptions and ensure that the appropriate level of care is provided in all states. Whether it's for education, employment, or patient safety, knowing the specific responsibilities of each role is crucial.
Sources:
NY Times - Pharmacy Technician University of Colorado Denver - Certified Pharmacy Technician American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy - What is a Pharmacist?