Can Non-Permanent Residents Get a Social Security Number (SSN)?

Overview of SSN Eligibility for Non-Permanent Residents

Whether you can obtain a Social Security Number (SSN) as a non-permanent resident in the United States largely depends on your immigration status and the type of visa you hold. This article aims to provide you with a comprehensive guide on the eligibility criteria for obtaining an SSN based on your immigration status.

In-Depth Look at SSN Eligibility

Are You a Visa Holder with Work Authorization?
If you hold a visa that permits work under specific conditions (e.g., the number of hours per week, the company you can work for, and the type of work you can do), you might be eligible for an SSN. However, your card will be annotated to notify employers to verify your eligibility with the USCIS.

Impact on International Students: As an international student, you may be assigned an SSN, but your card will indicate that it is not valid for employment. However, if you have a work permit (such as an EAF), you may apply for an SSN to pay taxes. H Visa Holders: H Visa holders are typically entitled to an SSN under most circumstances.

The Specific Benefits of an SSN
The SSN is not just a number; it comes with several benefits, including:

Work Authorization and Employment Verification: Your SSN verifies that you are allowed to work in the United States legally. Health Insurance: Having an SSN allows you to enroll in various health insurance programs. Financial Benefits and Retirement: SSN holders can access financial benefits and retirement programs, such as Social Security benefits. Totalization Agreement: Your spouse or yourself may be eligible for spousal and survivor benefits if you have a totalization agreement with the United States.

Specific Eligibility Criteria for Social Security Benefits
If you meet the following two conditions, you can apply for an SSN even if you are not a green card holder:

40 Quarters of Work: You must have contributed a total of 40 quarters (10 years worth of Social Security contributions). Totalization Agreement: Your country must have a totalization agreement with the United States.

This applies to any non-citizen, including former permanent residents of the United States. If you do not meet these conditions, you will only receive Social Security benefits at retirement if you are a non-citizen living outside the United States.

Conclusion

Understanding the eligibility criteria for an SSN can significantly impact your life in the United States. Whether you are an international student, a visa holder, or a non-citizen with a work permit, you can explore the possibility of obtaining an SSN.

For specific circumstances, it is best to use the SSA's Payments Abroad Screening Tool to determine the correct answer. This tool will help you find the right answer that matches your specific situation.

Key Takeaways

1. **Work Authorization: Your visa must permit work under specific conditions.

2. **Non-Citizen with Work Permit: International students with a work permit may apply for an SSN.

3. **Totalization Agreement: Your country must have a totalization agreement with the United States for SSN eligibility.

Related Keywords

Social Security Number Green Card Holder Work Authorization

References

SSA's Payments Abroad Screening Tool USCIS Verification Process Immigration Visa Categories